Australian Journal of
Taxonomy
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Missulena terra sp. nov.
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8FD78651-8484-4C60-A8FE-E316C3423160

Type material

Holotype ♂. AUSTRALIA: Western Australia: Mardathuna Station, 24.42852°S, 114.50013°E, 14 January–24 May 1995, MR3, A. Sampey et al., wet pitfall trap, WAM / CALM Carnarvon Survey (WAM T96170).

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Figure 13. Missulena terra sp. nov. ♂ holotype (WAM T96170) from Mardathuna Station, WA; a, carapace, dorsal view; b, same, ventral view; c, abdomen, dorsal view; d, same, ventral view; e, eyes; f, mouthparts, ventral view; g, rastellum; h, cheliceral teeth, line drawing; i, carapace, lateral view; j, leg IV retrolateral view; k, left patella I, dorsal view; l, same patella II; m, same patella III; n, same patella IV. Scale bars a–d, i = 1 mm, e–g, k–n = 0.5 mm.

Figure 14. Missulena terra sp. nov. ♂ holotype (WAM T96170) from Mardathuna Station, WA; a, left pedipalp, prolateral view; b, same, ventral view; c, same, retrolateral view; d, embolar tip, prolateral view. Scale bars a–c = 1 mm, d = 0.1 mm.

Diagnosis

Males of M. terra sp. nov. are most similar to seven other species which share a brown carapace and chelicerae: M. durokoppin sp. nov, M. faulderi, M. harewoodi, M. leniae, M. melissae, M. pinguipes, and M. rutraspina. Of these, they differ from M. durokoppin sp. nov, M. faulderi, M. leniae, and M. rutraspina by having a rounded rectangular shaped and swollen pedipalp tibia, 1.7 the length times the width, which is distinctly more slender in these other species (Fig. 13a, b vs Fig. 4a, b, fig. 7b, c Harms & Framenau 2017; 7f Miglio et al. 2014; Faulder 1995). They differ from M. pinguipes by having a smooth carapace, which is granulated in M. pinguipes (Fig. 12a vs fig. 5a, c Miglio et al. 2014) and by the shape of metatarsus IV, which is inflated in M. pinguipes, but not so in M. terra sp. nov. (Fig. 12j vs fig. 6k Miglio et al. 2014). Males of M. terra sp. nov. differ from M. harewoodi by the lack of retrolateral and dorsal transverse striations on the chelicerae in M. harewoodi (Fig. 12a vs fig. 1a, d Framenau & Harms 2017). They are further separated by M. harewoodi by the rounded rectangular shape of the pedipalp tibia in M. terra sp. nov., which is broadly tear-drop shaped and narrowed apically in M. harewoodi, and by the shape of the embolus, which has a distinct BEI in M. terra sp. nov., thickened until around half the embolus length, but is narrower basally in M. harewoodi (Fig. 13a–c vs figs 2a–c Framenau & Harms 2017).

Description

Male (based on holotype; WAM T96170). Total length 8.25.

Colour in ethanol: Pars cephalica and chelicerae dark red-brown, pars thoracica lighter red-brown (Fig. 12a). Faint, mottled darker brown pigmentation around AME (Fig. 12a, e). Sternum pale orange-brown, with eight sigilla of same colour as sternum (Fig. 12b). Maxillae and labium darker orange-brown (Fig. 12b, f). Abdomen pale cream, ventrally pale cream; spinnerets pale orange-cream (Fig. 12c, d). Legs orange-brown, more or less uniform in colour.

Carapace: 3.67 long and 4.11 wide; pars cephalica height 1.6; pars cephalica covers 0.62 of carapace length. In dorsal view carapace rounded, with pronounced lateral flanges at the midpoint (Fig. 12a). Pars cephalica smooth with little granulation; with two small, indistinct, rounded indentations posterior to AME (Fig. 12a, e). Pars thoracica with fine granulation; posterior edge strongly recurved and with a shallow medial notch. Lateral edges recurved and undulating (Fig. 12a). Pars cephalica strongly elevated (Fig. 12i). Chelicerae: 1.53 long; elongate, and broadly cylindrical; dorsally smooth, and with strong and distinct, regular dorsal and prolateral transverse striations starting at the midpoint and extending to the apex (Fig. 12a). Sternum: ovoid, with sparse, scattered setae. Four pairs of sigilla, all lightly depressed and indistinct; anterior pair small, oval; second pair around the same size as the first; third pair around twice size as the second pair; fourth pair largest, ca. twice the size of the third pair (Fig. 12b). Labiosternal junction fused (Fig. 12b). Eyes: OQ 3.42 times wider than long; anterior eyes slightly procurved; posterior eyes strongly recurved (Fig. 12e). Cheliceral furrow with row of eight strong pyramidal teeth prolaterally, retrolateral edge with one large basal tooth and one small apical tooth (Fig. 12h). Maxillae: with ca. 60–80 weakly developed cuspules anteriorly, the anterior most cuspules better developed (Fig. 12f). Labium: conical, anteriorly with 15–20 weakly developed cuspules, better developed anteriorly (Fig. 12f). Rastellum moderately pronounced, with three (two right) strong, conical spines (Fig. 12d). Around 11 setae forming a fringe over the base the fang of each chelicera and around five over the base of the rastellum.

Abdomen: 3.84 long and 3.32 wide; rounded oval; four spinnerets (Fig. 12c, d).

Legs: sparse scattered brown-black setae on all surfaces. Leg spination: leg I: tibia rv3, v4, pl7, d0; metatarsus rv5, v6, pl1, d0; tarsus rv5, v2, pl2, d0; leg II: tibia rv4, v4, pl5, d2; metatarsus rv4, v7, pl3, d0; tarsus rv5, v3, pl5, d0; leg III: tibia rv5, v5, pl6, d3; metatarsus rv3, v0, pl3, d8; tarsus rv11, v0, pl4, d2; leg IV: tibia rv1, v4, pl0, d0; metatarsus rv5, v0, pl5, d2; tarsus rv11, v0, pl9, d2. Patella I rasp consisting of 18 spinules prolaterally, forming a narrow band; with two spines ventrally (Fig. 12k); patella II with ca. seven spines prolaterally, forming a narrow band, ventrally with two spines (Fig. 12l); patella III with dense covering of c. 40–60 spinules on the dorsal and retrolateral surfaces (Fig. 12m); patella IV with three spines retrolaterally (Fig. 12n). Tarsus I, II with scopulae ventrally; tarsus and metatarsus III, IV with scopulae along ventral surfaces (Fig. 12j). Leg measure­ments: Leg I: femur 3.09, patella 1.40, tibia 2.16, meta­tarsus 1.82, tarsus 1.24, total 9.71. Leg II: femur 3.09, patella 1.50, tibia 1.82, metatarsus 1.87, tarsus 1.27, total 9.55. Leg III: femur 2.97, patella 1.48, tibia 1.58, meta­tarsus 1.93, tarsus 1.68, total 9.64. Leg IV: femur 3.72, patella 1.71, tibia 2.45, metatarsus 2.00, tarsus 1.36, total 11.24. Formula: 4>1>3>2.

Pedipalp: femur 2.14, patella 0.98, tibia 1.94, tarsus 0.93; all segments with scattered setae, sparse dorsally and those of the tibia thickest and longest ventrally Fig. 13a–c. Tibia stout, inflated, broadly rectangular in shape, with rounded ventral swellings basally and apically, 1.07 wide at the widest point from dorsal and prolateral view, 1.7 the length times width (Fig. 13a, b). Bulb roughly pyriform; embolus moderately short and gently curved with a small embolar tooth apically (Fig. 13a, b) and a distinct BEI, inflated until just prior to midpoint, from where it narrows to the apex (Fig. 13d).

Variation (n = 8). All material examined had pars cephalica and chelicerae dark brown, pars thoracica lighter red-brown. The dorsal surface of the abdomen varied from pale cream to dark cream-grey. Total length 6.57–9.41, mean 7.74. Number of maxillary cuspules 55–72, mean 63.13; number of labial cuspules 17–27, mean 21.88; number of spines on the rastellum 3–5 left, mean 3.75, 3–4 right, mean 3.37. Number of spinules in the left patella (n = 9): Leg I 13–32, mean 17.71; Leg II 3–16, mean 8.25; Leg III 50–67, mean 59.71; Leg IV 1–18, mean 11.13.

Other material examined

AUSTRALIA: Western Australia: ♂ Cape Cuvier, Quobba Station, 24.4°S, 113.50°E, 15 January–30 May 1995, CU2, A. Sampey, wet pitfall trap, WAM/CALM Carnarvon Survey (WAM T96780); ♂ 9.5 km WNW of Mt Hodgson, site BDRN03, ethylene glycol pitfall trap, 22.4125°S, 121.0702°E, 9 September 2005–12 August 2006, CALM PILBARA Survey (WAM T87322); ♂ Francois Peron National Park, 25.82058°S, 113.54008°E, 18 January–24 May 1995, PE3, M.S. Harvey et al., wet pitfall trap, WAM/CALM Carnarvon Survey (WAM T96174); ♂ Mardathuna Station, 24.44325°S, 114.51152°E, 14 January–25 May 1995, MR2, A. Sampey et al., wet pitfall trap, WAM/ CALM Carnarvon Survey (WAM T96779); ♂ Nanga Station, 26.477°S, 114.076°E, 19 January–11 May 1995, NA1, A. Sampey et al., wet pitfall trap, WAM/CALM Carnarvon Survey (WAM T96172); ♂ Nerren Nerren Station, 27.006°S, 114.5414°E, 11 January–11 May 1995, NE4 P, West et al., wet pitfall traps, WAM/ CALM Carnarvon (WAM T96777); ♂ Cape Cuvier, Quobba Station 24.2233°S, 113.50363°E, 15 January–30 May 1995, CU2, A. Sampey et al. wet pitfall trap, WAM/ CALM Carnarvon Survey (WAM T96173); ♂ Kennedy Range National Park, 24.50041°S, 115.01863°E, 14 January–29 May 1995, KE2 P, West et al., wet pitfall trap, WAM/ CALM Carnarvon Survey (WAM T96776).

Figure 13. Missulena terra sp. nov. ♂ holotype (WAM T96170) from Mardathuna Station, WA; a, carapace, dorsal view; b, same, ventral view; c, abdomen, dorsal view; d, same, ventral view; e, eyes; f, mouthparts, ventral view; g, rastellum; h, cheliceral teeth, line drawing; i, carapace, lateral view; j, leg IV retrolateral view; k, left patella I, dorsal view; l, same patella II; m, same patella III; n, same patella IV. Scale bars a–d, i = 1 mm, e–g, k–n = 0.5 mm.

Figure 14. Missulena terra sp. nov. ♂ holotype (WAM T96170) from Mardathuna Station, WA; a, left pedipalp, prolateral view; b, same, ventral view; c, same, retrolateral view; d, embolar tip, prolateral view. Scale bars a–c = 1 mm, d = 0.1 mm.

Etymology

The specific epithet is a Latin noun meaning ‘earth’ or ‘land’ and is used in reference to the earthy colours of this species.

Distribution

Missulena terra sp. nov. is known from mid-western WA (Fig. 10)